Modelling the implementation of narrow versus broader spectrum antibiotics in the empiric treatment of E. coli bacteraemia

This study evaluates the feasibility of switching to narrow spectrum antibiotics during empiric treatment of E. coli bacteraemia. It found that narrow spectrum antibiotics reduce resistance to second-line and third-line antibiotics but increase resistance to first-line therapy and higher mortality. Shortening treatment duration and reducing baseline mortality rate are crucial for increasing the feasibility of switching to narrow spectrum antibiotics. The study provides a flexible model design for other bacterial infections.